Gestational Carrier IVF - Procedure, Cost in India, Risks, Recovery and benefits

What is Gestational Carrier IVF? 

Gestational Carrier IVF, often referred to as gestational surrogacy, is a reproductive technology that allows individuals or couples who are unable to carry a pregnancy to have a child. This procedure involves the use of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) to create an embryo using the eggs and sperm of the intended parents or donors. The resulting embryo is then implanted into the uterus of a gestational carrier, who will carry the pregnancy to term.   

The primary purpose of Gestational Carrier IVF is to provide a pathway to parenthood for those facing various reproductive challenges. This may include women with medical conditions that prevent them from safely carrying a pregnancy, couples with infertility issues, or same-sex male couples who wish to have children. The gestational carrier has no genetic link to the child, as the embryo is created using the intended parents' or donors' genetic material.  

The procedure typically begins with the intended mother or egg donor undergoing ovarian stimulation to produce multiple eggs. These eggs are then retrieved and fertilised in a laboratory setting. Once the embryos develop, one or more are selected for transfer to the gestational carrier's uterus. The gestational carrier undergoes a series of medical evaluations to ensure her health and suitability for carrying the pregnancy.

Why is Gestational Carrier IVF Done?

Gestational Carrier IVF is recommended for a variety of reasons, primarily when traditional pregnancy is not a viable option. Some of the most common conditions and situations that lead to the consideration of this procedure include:

1. Medical Conditions: Women with certain medical conditions, such as severe uterine abnormalities, chronic health issues (like heart disease or diabetes), or a history of recurrent pregnancy loss, may be advised to use a gestational carrier. These conditions can pose significant risks to both the mother and the baby during pregnancy.
2. Infertility: Couples facing infertility due to factors such as advanced maternal age, diminished ovarian reserve, or male factor infertility may find that Gestational Carrier IVF offers a solution. In cases where the intended mother cannot produce viable eggs, donor eggs can be used in conjunction with a gestational carrier.
3. Same-Sex Male Couples: For same-sex male couples wishing to become parents, Gestational Carrier IVF provides a means to have a biological child. They can use an egg donor to create embryos that are then implanted into a gestational carrier.
4. Previous Surrogacy Failures: Some individuals or couples may have previously attempted surrogacy without success. In such cases, they may turn to Gestational Carrier IVF as a more reliable option.
5. Genetic Concerns: Couples with known genetic disorders may choose Gestational Carrier IVF to ensure that their child is free from specific genetic conditions. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) can be performed on embryos before transfer to screen for genetic abnormalities. PGT can reduce the risk of certain inherited or chromosomal disorders.

Indications for Gestational Carrier IVF

Several clinical situations and diagnostic findings can indicate that a patient is a suitable candidate for Gestational Carrier IVF. These include:

1. Uterine Abnormalities: Women with congenital uterine anomalies, such as a septate uterus or absence of the uterus (Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome), may not be able to carry a pregnancy. Gestational Carrier IVF allows them to have a child without the risks associated with carrying a pregnancy.
2. Severe Health Conditions: Conditions that pose significant risks during pregnancy, such as severe hypertension, autoimmune disorders, or certain cancers, may lead healthcare providers to recommend Gestational Carrier IVF. This option allows the intended parents to have a child while prioritising the health of the intended mother.
3. Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Women who have experienced multiple miscarriages may benefit from Gestational Carrier IVF. The use of a gestational carrier can help bypass the issues that may have contributed to previous losses.
4. Infertility Diagnoses: Couples diagnosed with infertility, particularly those with a poor prognosis for successful pregnancy due to age or medical conditions, may be advised to consider Gestational Carrier IVF. This option can provide a chance for parenthood when other fertility treatments have failed.
5. Genetic Testing Needs: Couples with a history of genetic disorders may opt for Gestational Carrier IVF to ensure a healthy pregnancy. By using preimplantation genetic testing, they can select embryos free from specific genetic conditions for transfer to the gestational carrier.
6. Same-Sex Male Couples: As mentioned earlier, same-sex male couples often turn to Gestational Carrier IVF to achieve parenthood. This option allows them to have a biological child through the use of an egg donor and a gestational carrier.

In summary, Gestational Carrier IVF is a valuable reproductive option for individuals and couples facing various challenges in their journey to parenthood. By understanding the procedure, its purpose, and the indications for its use, prospective parents can make informed decisions about their family-building options.   

As we move forward, it’s essential to consider the emotional and logistical aspects of the process, as well as the recovery after Gestational Carrier IVF, which will be discussed in the next part of this article.  

Contraindications for Gestational Carrier IVF  

While gestational carrier IVF can be a viable option for many individuals and couples facing infertility, certain conditions or factors may render a patient unsuitable for this procedure. Understanding these contraindications is crucial for prospective parents considering this path.

1. Uterine Abnormalities: Women with significant uterine abnormalities, such as congenital malformations, severe fibroids, or a history of uterine surgery that compromises the uterine cavity, may not be suitable candidates for gestational carrier IVF. These conditions can affect the ability to carry a pregnancy to term.
2. Severe Medical Conditions: Individuals with severe chronic medical conditions, such as uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension, or autoimmune disorders, may face increased risks during pregnancy. These conditions can complicate both the gestational carrier's health and the pregnancy itself.
3. Infectious Diseases: The presence of certain infectious diseases, such as HIV, active hepatitis, or other transmissible infections, can pose risks to both the gestational carrier and the developing fetus. Screening for these conditions is essential before proceeding with gestational carrier IVF.
4. Mental Health Concerns: Individuals with untreated severe mental health issues may not be suitable candidates for gestational carrier IVF. The emotional and psychological demands of the process require a stable mental health status to ensure the well-being of all parties involved.
5. Substance Abuse: Active substance abuse, including alcohol, drugs, or tobacco, can significantly impact the health of the gestational carrier and the fetus. A history of substance abuse may lead to complications during pregnancy and is a contraindication for gestational carrier IVF.
6. Age Factors: While age alone is not a strict contraindication, advanced maternal age (typically over 40) can increase the risks associated with pregnancy. The gestational carrier's age should be carefully considered, as older carriers may face higher risks of complications.
7. Lack of Support: A supportive environment is crucial for a successful gestational carrier experience. Individuals or couples lacking a strong support system may find it challenging to navigate the emotional and physical aspects of the process.
8. Legal and Ethical Considerations: Legal issues surrounding surrogacy can vary by location. Individuals or couples must ensure they are compliant with local laws regarding gestational carriers. Ethical concerns, such as the potential for exploitation, should also be considered.

How to Prepare for Gestational Carrier IVF  

Preparing for gestational carrier IVF involves several important steps to ensure a smooth process. Here’s a guide to help prospective parents navigate the preparation phase effectively.

1. Consultation with a Fertility Specialist: The first step is to schedule a consultation with a fertility specialist experienced in gestational carrier IVF. This meeting will help assess your medical history, discuss your goals, and determine if gestational carrier IVF is the right option for you.
2. Medical Evaluations: Both intended parents and the gestational carrier will undergo comprehensive medical evaluations. This includes blood tests, imaging studies, and screenings for infectious diseases. These evaluations help ensure that all parties are healthy and ready for the procedure.
3. Psychological Counselling: Engaging in psychological counseling is often recommended for both intended parents and the gestational carrier. This step helps address any emotional concerns and prepares everyone for the psychological aspects of the journey.
4. Legal Agreements: It is essential to establish a legal agreement between the intended parents and the gestational carrier. This contract should outline the rights and responsibilities of each party, including financial arrangements, medical decisions, and parental rights. Consulting with a lawyer experienced in reproductive law is advisable.
5. Lifestyle Modifications: Both intended parents and the gestational carrier should adopt healthy lifestyle habits leading up to the procedure. This includes maintaining a balanced diet, exercising regularly, avoiding harmful substances, and managing stress.
6. Fertility Treatments for Intended Parents: If the intended mother is using her eggs, she may need to undergo ovarian stimulation to produce multiple eggs. This process involves hormone injections and regular monitoring through blood tests and ultrasounds.
7. Embryo Creation: Once the eggs are retrieved, they will be fertilised with sperm from the intended father or a donor. The resulting embryos will be monitored for quality before selecting the best candidates for transfer to the gestational carrier.
8. Pre-Procedure Instructions: As the procedure date approaches, the fertility clinic will provide specific instructions. This may include guidelines on medications, dietary restrictions, and any necessary preparations for the gestational carrier.  

Gestational Carrier IVF: Step-by-Step Procedure  

Understanding the step-by-step process of gestational carrier IVF can help demystify the experience for intended parents. Here’s a breakdown of what to expect before, during, and after the procedure.

1. Pre-Procedure Phase:
   1. Ovarian Stimulation: If the intended mother is using her eggs, she will undergo ovarian stimulation to produce multiple eggs. This involves hormone injections over several days, with regular monitoring through blood tests and ultrasounds.
   2. Egg Retrieval: Once the eggs are mature, a minor surgical procedure called transvaginal ultrasound aspiration is performed to retrieve the eggs. This is done under sedation, and the process typically takes about 20-30 minutes.
2. Fertilisation:
   1. The retrieved eggs are then fertilised with sperm from the intended father or a sperm donor. This can be done through traditional insemination or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), where a single sperm is injected directly into an egg.
   2. The fertilised eggs, now embryos, are monitored for development over the next few days.
3. Embryo Transfer:
   1. After a few days of monitoring, the best-quality embryos are selected for transfer to the gestational carrier. This is typically done on day 3 or day 5 (blastocyst stage) after fertilisation.
   2. The transfer is a simple procedure that involves placing a thin catheter through the cervix into the uterus, where the embryos are deposited. This is usually done without anesthesia and takes only a few minutes.
4. Post-Transfer Care:
   1. After the embryo transfer, the gestational carrier may be advised to rest for a short period. She will receive instructions on medications, including progesterone supplements to support the uterine lining.
   2. A pregnancy test is typically scheduled about 10-14 days after the transfer to determine if implantation has occurred.
5. Monitoring Early Pregnancy: 
   1. If the pregnancy test is positive, the gestational carrier will undergo early ultrasounds to confirm the viability of the pregnancy and monitor its progress.
   2. Regular prenatal care will be essential throughout the pregnancy, with the gestational carrier working closely with her healthcare provider.
6. Delivery:
   1. As the pregnancy progresses, plans for delivery will be discussed. The intended parents will typically be present for the birth, and arrangements will be made to ensure a smooth transition of parental rights.  

Risks and Complications of Gestational Carrier IVF  

Like any medical procedure, gestational carrier IVF carries certain risks and potential complications. Understanding these can help intended parents make informed decisions.

1. Common Risks:
   1. Multiple Pregnancies: Transferring multiple embryos increases the risk of twins or higher-order multiples, which can lead to complications for both the gestational carrier and the babies.
   2. Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS): This condition can occur in women undergoing ovarian stimulation, leading to swollen ovaries and abdominal discomfort. Severe cases may require hospitalisation.
   3. Ectopic Pregnancy: In rare cases, an embryo may implant outside the uterus, typically in a fallopian tube. This requires medical intervention.
2. Risks for the Gestational Carrier:
   1. Pregnancy Complications: Gestational carriers may experience common pregnancy-related issues, such as gestational diabetes, hypertension, or preterm labor.
   2. Emotional and Psychological Impact: The emotional journey of being a gestational carrier can be complex, and some may experience feelings of attachment or loss.
3. Rare Risks:
   1. Surgical Risks: The egg retrieval process involves minor surgery, which carries risks such as bleeding, infection, or damage to surrounding organs.
   2. Long-Term Health Effects: While research is ongoing, there is limited data on the long-term health effects of fertility medications and procedures on gestational carriers.
4. Legal and Ethical Risks:
   1. Disputes over parental rights or financial arrangements can arise, making it essential to have clear legal agreements in place.  

In conclusion, gestational carrier IVF is a complex but rewarding process that can help individuals and couples achieve their dream of parenthood. By understanding contraindications, preparing adequately, following the step-by-step procedure, and being aware of potential risks, intended parents can navigate this journey with confidence and clarity.

Recovery After Gestational Carrier IVF  

The recovery process after Gestational Carrier IVF (In Vitro Fertilisation) is crucial for both the gestational carrier and the intended parents. Understanding the expected timeline and aftercare tips can help ensure a smooth transition back to normal activities.  

Expected Recovery Timeline

1. Immediate Post-Procedure (Days 1-3): After the embryo transfer, the gestational carrier may experience mild cramping, spotting, or bloating. These symptoms are generally normal and should subside within a few days. Rest is essential during this period, and the carrier should avoid strenuous activities.
2. First Week (Days 4-7): During the first week post-transfer, the gestational carrier should continue to take it easy. Light activities such as walking are encouraged, but heavy lifting or vigorous exercise should be avoided. It’s also important to stay hydrated and maintain a balanced diet.
3. Two Weeks Post-Transfer: A pregnancy test is typically scheduled about two weeks after the embryo transfer. If the test is positive, the carrier will continue to follow up with her healthcare provider for further monitoring. If negative, emotional support may be necessary as the intended parents and the carrier process the outcome.
4. Ongoing Care (Weeks 3-12): If the pregnancy is confirmed, the gestational carrier will have regular check-ups to monitor the health of the pregnancy. This includes ultrasounds and blood tests to ensure everything is progressing well.

Aftercare Tips  

1. Hydration and Nutrition: Staying hydrated and eating a nutritious diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can support recovery and overall health.
2. Avoiding Stress: Engaging in relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, or gentle stretching can help manage stress levels. 
3. Follow-Up Appointments: Attending all scheduled follow-up appointments is crucial for monitoring the health of both the gestational carrier and the developing fetus.
4. Emotional Support: It’s important for the gestational carrier to have a support system in place, whether through friends, family, or professional counseling, especially if the outcome is uncertain.  

When Normal Activities Can Resume  

Most gestational carriers can return to their normal activities within a few weeks, depending on their individual recovery and the advice of their healthcare provider. Light exercise can typically be resumed after the first week, while more strenuous activities should be approached with caution and only after receiving medical clearance.  

Benefits of Gestational Carrier IVF  

Gestational Carrier IVF offers numerous benefits for intended parents and the gestational carrier alike. Here are some key health improvements and quality-of-life outcomes associated with this procedure:  

1. Family Building Options: For individuals or couples facing infertility due to medical conditions, age, or other factors, gestational carrier IVF provides a viable path to parenthood. It allows intended parents to have a biological connection to their child through the use of their own eggs and sperm. 
2. Healthier Pregnancies: Gestational carriers are often selected based on their health and previous pregnancy experiences. This can lead to healthier pregnancies and better outcomes for the baby, as the carrier is typically in good health and has a proven track record of successful pregnancies. 
3. Emotional Relief for Intended Parents: The process of using a gestational carrier can alleviate some of the emotional stress associated with infertility treatments. Knowing that a healthy, experienced individual is carrying the pregnancy can provide peace of mind. 
4. Supportive Relationships: The relationship between the gestational carrier and the intended parents can foster a supportive environment. Open communication and mutual respect can enhance the experience for everyone involved. 
5. Legal Protections: Gestational carrier agreements often include legal protections for both parties, ensuring that the rights and responsibilities of the intended parents and the carrier are clearly defined.

Gestational Carrier IVF vs. Traditional Surrogacy  

While gestational carrier IVF is a popular option, it’s essential to understand how it compares to traditional surrogacy. Below is a comparison of the two procedures:  

Cost of Gestational Carrier IVF in India    

The average cost of Gestational Carrier IVF in India ranges from ₹1,50,000 to ₹3,00,000. This cost can vary based on several factors, including the clinic's location and the specific services provided.  

Price can vary based on several key factors:

1. Hospital: Different hospitals have varying pricing structures. Renowned institutions like Apollo Hospitals may offer comprehensive care and advanced facilities, which can influence the overall cost.
2. Location: The city and region where the Gestational Carrier IVF is performed can affect costs due to differences in living expenses and healthcare pricing.
3. Room Type: The choice of accommodation (general ward, semi-private, private, etc.) can significantly impact the total cost.
4. Complications: Any complications during or after the procedure can lead to additional expenses.

At Apollo Hospitals, we prioritize transparent communication and personalized care plans. Apollo Hospitals is the best hospital for Gestational Carrier IVF in India because of our trusted expertise, advanced infrastructure, and consistent focus on patient outcomes. We encourage prospective patients seeking a Gestational Carrier IVF in India to contact us directly for detailed information about the procedure cost and assistance with financial planning. 
 
With Apollo Hospitals, you get access to:

1. Trusted medical expertise 
2. Comprehensive aftercare services 
3. Excellent value and quality care 

This makes Apollo Hospitals a preferred choice for Gestational Carrier IVF in India. 

FAQs About Gestational Carrier IVF

• What should I eat after the embryo transfer?  

After the embryo transfer, it’s important to maintain a balanced diet rich in nutrients. Focus on whole foods, including fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Staying hydrated is also crucial. Avoid processed foods, excessive caffeine, and alcohol.

• Can I exercise after the procedure?  

Light exercise, such as walking, is generally encouraged after the embryo transfer. However, avoid strenuous activities, heavy lifting, and high-impact workouts for at least a week. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalised advice.  

• How long should I rest after the transfer?  

It’s recommended to rest for at least 24-48 hours after the embryo transfer. After this period, you can gradually resume light activities, but listen to your body and avoid overexertion.  

• What if I experience cramping?  

Mild cramping is common after the embryo transfer and usually subsides within a few days. However, if the cramping is severe or accompanied by heavy bleeding, contact your healthcare provider immediately.  

• Are there any medications I need to take?  

Yes, your healthcare provider may prescribe medications such as progesterone to support the pregnancy. Follow the prescribed regimen closely and discuss any concerns with your doctor.  

• When can I take a pregnancy test?  

A pregnancy test is typically scheduled about two weeks after the embryo transfer. This allows enough time for the hormone levels to rise if the procedure is successful.  

• What emotional support is available?  

Emotional support can come from various sources, including counseling services, support groups, and discussions with friends and family. It’s important to have a support system in place during this journey.  

• Can I travel after the embryo transfer?  

It’s generally advisable to avoid long-distance travel for at least a week after the embryo transfer. If travel is necessary, consult your healthcare provider for guidance.  

• What should I do if the pregnancy test is negative?  

If the pregnancy test is negative, it’s important to allow yourself to grieve and process the emotions. Consider seeking support from a counselor or support group to help navigate this challenging time.  

• How can I prepare for the pregnancy if it’s successful?  

If the pregnancy is confirmed, prepare by scheduling regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and discussing any concerns with your healthcare provider. It’s also helpful to educate yourself about pregnancy and childbirth.  

• What are the risks associated with Gestational Carrier IVF?  

Risks can include complications from the IVF procedure, such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), and potential emotional challenges for both the carrier and intended parents. Discuss these risks with your healthcare provider.

• Is there an age limit for gestational carriers?  

Most clinics have age guidelines for gestational carriers, typically between 21 and 40 years old. This ensures that the carrier is in good health and has a lower risk of pregnancy complications.  

• What if I have a medical condition?  

If you have a medical condition, it’s essential to discuss it with your healthcare provider. They will evaluate your health and determine if you are a suitable candidate for gestational carrier IVF.  

• Can I choose the gender of the baby?  

Gender selection is not typically a part of the gestational carrier IVF process unless specific medical reasons exist. Discuss any preferences with your fertility specialist.  

• What happens if the gestational carrier has complications?  

If complications arise, the healthcare team will provide appropriate medical care. It’s important to have a plan in place for emergencies and to communicate openly with the carrier about any concerns.  

• How do I choose a gestational carrier?  

Choosing a gestational carrier involves careful consideration of health, emotional readiness, and compatibility. Many intended parents work with agencies that specialise in matching carriers with families.  

• What legal agreements are necessary?  

Legal agreements are crucial in gestational carrier arrangements to outline the rights and responsibilities of both parties. It’s advisable to work with a lawyer experienced in reproductive law.  

• Can I have a relationship with the gestational carrier?  

Many intended parents and gestational carriers develop a supportive relationship, but it’s essential to establish boundaries and communicate openly about expectations.  

• What if the gestational carrier decides to keep the baby?  

Legal agreements typically address this concern, ensuring that the intended parents retain parental rights. It’s crucial to have these discussions before proceeding with the process.  

• How can I support the gestational carrier during the pregnancy?  

Providing emotional support, maintaining open communication, and being involved in appointments can help foster a positive relationship and support the carrier throughout the pregnancy.  

Conclusion  

Gestational Carrier IVF is a transformative option for individuals and couples seeking to build their families. It offers a pathway to parenthood while ensuring the health and well-being of both the gestational carrier and the baby. If you are considering this procedure, it’s essential to speak with a medical professional who can guide you through the process and address any concerns you may have. Your journey to parenthood is important, and the right support can make all the difference.